{"id":5945,"date":"2025-06-11T23:48:18","date_gmt":"2025-06-11T20:48:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/darbinhabtoor.org\/?p=5945"},"modified":"2025-06-11T23:48:18","modified_gmt":"2025-06-11T20:48:18","slug":"%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d9%88%d8%aa%d9%84%d8%ae%d9%8a%d8%b5-%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%ad%d8%ab-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b2%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/darbinhabtoor.org\/?p=5945","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f” \u0644\u0640 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u2663\ufe0e\u2663\ufe0e \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629\u064d \u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0629: \u0641\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646. \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f “\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0644”\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629\u064d \u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1922\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647 “\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a” \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u064f\u062e\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0647 \u0644\u063a\u0632\u064b\u0627: \u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u061f \u0623\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627\u061f.<\/h3>\n

\u2605\u2605\u2605 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u0632\u0646\u0627\u061f
\n\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0641\u064d \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u064f\u062e\u062a\u064e\u0632\u064e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 “\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a” \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u0631\u060c \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u062e\u0637\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0642\u064e\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u062d\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u062a. \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0638\u0644 “\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f” \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629\u064c \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629\u064c \u0644\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064d \u062a\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646.<\/h3>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647
\n\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u064a\u0646
\n\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635…. \u0634\u0643\u0631\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0627<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0632\u0627\u062f\u0629 . \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f …<\/h3>\n

\u2663\ufe0e\u2663\ufe0e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/h3>\n

\u2667 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629: \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 (1871\u20131922)
\n\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u062d\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629\u064d \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b: \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 (1870\u20131940). \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 (1870\u20131871)\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0644\u0627\u064b \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 “\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643” (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644)\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/h3>\n

\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a (1871\u20131922)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064d \u0634\u0647\u062f:
\n– \u0641\u0636\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0645\u0627 (1889\u20131893): \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062d\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u062a \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u063a\u0630\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0624\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629.
\n– \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0633 (1894\u20131906): \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0649. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 “\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646”\u060c
\n– \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 (1905): \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0640”\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629” \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0622\u0644\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629.<\/h3>\n

\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 (1914\u20131918). \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 “\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a” \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0624\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/h3>\n

\u2667 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a: \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a
\n\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646:
\n1. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0647) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627.
\n2. \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0627) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0631\u062a\u0648\u0634.
\n3. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1910.<\/h3>\n

\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647 (\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0631\u0628\u0648\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646)\u060c \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627: “\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629”\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a:
\n– \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0631\u062c\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629.
\n– \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a (\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0647\u060c \u062f\u064a\u063a\u0627) \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629.<\/h3>\n

\u2667 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a: \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629
\n\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647\u0627:
\n– \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 “\u0631\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644” \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629. \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 “\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646” \u062a\u0633\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 “\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a” \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0642\u0629.
\n– \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629) \u062f\u0645\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629” \u0648\u0642\u0633\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0637\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a.<\/h3>\n

\u2667 \u062e\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0633\u062c\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629
\n1. \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646: \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0632\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (1918) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062a\u0644 50 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0624\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0647\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 (\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062a “\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0629” \u0648”\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646”).
\n2. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 (“\u0633\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0629”) \u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1921 \u0628\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0648\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u062a \u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647 “\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a” \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a “\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629”.
\n3. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0633 (\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0648 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0642) \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0636\u0647.<\/h3>\n

\u2667 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645.
\n\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 “\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f” \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0633\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0646\u0628\u0648\u0621\u0629\u064c \u0639\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 (“\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0646”) \u0639\u0627\u0645 1913\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629) \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 (“\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f”) \u0639\u0627\u0645 1927 (\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a)\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0633\u0642\u0637\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062d\u0637\u0645\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/h3>\n

\u2606\u2606 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0639\u064a\u064c \u0641\u0646\u064a\u064c \u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064d \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0631\u062c\u0644\u064c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0636\u0631 (\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1922)\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u064f\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0636\u0631. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0639 \u062e\u0644\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627: \u0641\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0635\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0642\u064a\u064e\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062d\u0629.<\/h3>\n

\u2663\ufe0e\u2663\ufe0e \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631:
\n\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a<\/h3>\n

1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0643\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u062e\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629
\n\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u064f\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064e\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0634 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a)\u060c \u062d\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0648\u062a “\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0629” \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u062f\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0637\u064c \u0644\u0631\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0621. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644: \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0647\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0628\u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0631\u0628\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u062f\u062a \u062a\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0628\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1911\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0640\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0621\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a.<\/h3>\n

2. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0643\u0640”\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645” \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639
\n\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 (\u0631\u064f\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627)\u060c \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0650\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629: “\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628”\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064d \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u064e\u0643\u0634\u0650\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u0644” \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u062d\u064d \u062a\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0646\u0647.<\/h3>\n

3. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0647
\n\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0641. \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f “\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0629” (\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0645) \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064c \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0645\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0636\u064a. \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 (1905)\u060c \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629\u064d \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629: “\u0645\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644”. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0643\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u064d \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064d \u0648\u0642\u0644\u0642. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u064a\u064f\u0644\u0645\u0651\u0650\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u063a\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u062d\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0646\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0646.<\/h3>\n

4. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0626\u0646
\n\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0647\u0648\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u064a\u064f\u0644\u0645\u0651\u0650\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f\u064d \u0645\u064f\u0642\u0644\u0642\u060c \u064a\u0632\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a “\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a” \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0637\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0645\u064f\u062e\u062c\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0632\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0641\u0638\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u0642\u064f\u0637\u0639\u062a. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0635\u0631\u062e \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631: “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0647\u0645\u064c \u0646\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647”. \u062d\u062a\u0649 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0646” \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0633\u062d\u0631\u064d \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0639 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/h3>\n

5. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649: \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0630\u0643\u0631
\n\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f \u2014 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0633\u064a \u2014 \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0631\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0643. \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062a-\u0644\u0648\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0628\u0648\u0621\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0644\u064d \u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u064f\u0628\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0642. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0623\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628: \u0641\u0640”\u0623\u0648\u062f\u064a\u062a”\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u062c\u0623\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 “\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629”\u060c \u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u062b\u0629\u064c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u062f\u0641\u0646.<\/h3>\n

\u2663\ufe0e\u2663\ufe0e \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629
\n\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u0631\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u064c \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0637\u0641\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631: “\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0648\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0630\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u064a \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633”.<\/h3>\n

\u2663\ufe0e\u2663\ufe0e \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0642\u064e\u062f
\n\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627: \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u061f \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0642\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646. \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0636\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0635\u0631\u062e\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u062d\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u062a. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u064f\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0636\u0649.<\/h3>\n

\u2663\ufe0e\u2663\ufe0e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a:
\n\u0639\u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629
\n(1871\u20131922)<\/h3>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0629: \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629
\n\u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0641\u064a 10 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 1871 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0642\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0633. \u0639\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0628\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0637\u0641\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0634\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a.
\n– \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629” \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u062a\u0647.
\n– \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a: \u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0634\u062c\u0639\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u063a\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/h3>\n

\u2667 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628: \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628
\n1. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0632 (1889\u20131890)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647.
\n2. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629: \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645” (1896).
\n3. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0646: \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 “\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646”\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/h3>\n

\u2667 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a: \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a
\n– \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646: \u0631\u064f\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f” (“\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0646”) \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1913. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (“\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a”) \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u063a\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1919\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0630 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629.
\n– \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0631\u0628\u0648\u0651\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0627\u062c\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0644\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0644. \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062a\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0641.
\n– \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1905 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f.<\/h3>\n

\u2667 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644: \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629
\n1. “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645” (1896): \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 “\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f”.
\n2. “\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648\u064a” (\u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1952): \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629.
\n3. “\u0636\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0641” (1954): \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0650\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628.
\n4. “\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f” (1913\u20131927): \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/h3>\n

\u2667 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a: \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629.
\n\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u063a “\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627” \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646: \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c.
\n– \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a: \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0648\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0645\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0633. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648”\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629” \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629.
\n– \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a.<\/h3>\n

\u2606\u2606\u2606 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0648\u062f
\n\u0631\u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1922 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a. \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u064a\u064f\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0643\u0640”\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629”\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0630\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646.
\n“\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628” \u2014 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u060c \u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645 “\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f”.<\/h3>\n

<\/h3>\n

#\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628_\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0649_\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f_\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646
\n#\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b_\u0639\u0646_\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646_\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f_\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0644_\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a
\n#Novelist_Khaled_Hussein
\n#In_Search_of_Lost_Time_Marcel_Proust<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629… “\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629\u064d \u063a\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064d \u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u064a\u0635\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u064d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064d \u064a\u062a\u0628\u062f\u062f.” “\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f” \u0644\u0640 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u2663\ufe0e\u2663\ufe0e \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629: \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u060c \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":5952,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[55,54],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5945","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-books","category-pen-library-dar-library"],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":55,"label":"\u0643\u062a\u0628"},{"value":54,"label":"\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645"}]},"featured_image_src_large":["https:\/\/darbinhabtoor.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/IMG_\u0662\u0660\u0662\u0665\u0660\u0666\u0661\u0661_\u0662\u0663\u0664\u0666\u0664\u0669-1024x683.jpg",1024,683,true],"author_info":{"display_name":"Nashwan Alwalidi","author_link":"https:\/\/darbinhabtoor.org\/?author=10"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":55,"name":"\u0643\u062a\u0628","slug":"books","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":55,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":54,"count":142,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":55,"category_count":142,"category_description":"","cat_name":"\u0643\u062a\u0628","category_nicename":"books","category_parent":54},{"term_id":54,"name":"\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645","slug":"pen-library-dar-library","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":54,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":49,"count":104,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":54,"category_count":104,"category_description":"","cat_name":"\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645","category_nicename":"pen-library-dar-library","category_parent":49}],"tag_info":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/darbinhabtoor.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5945","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/darbinhabtoor.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/darbinhabtoor.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/darbinhabtoor.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/darbinhabtoor.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5945"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/darbinhabtoor.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5945\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5950,"href":"https:\/\/darbinhabtoor.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5945\/revisions\/5950"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/darbinhabtoor.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5952"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/darbinhabtoor.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5945"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/darbinhabtoor.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5945"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/darbinhabtoor.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5945"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}